editing

 Editing
this is relevant to the exam as you need to be able to talk about different types of editing and the effect that is has on the film. Things that we need to know for the exam are :

   - cuts : instant switches between shots. It is an abrupt, but usually trivial film transition from one sequence to another.

   - transitions : a switch between shots that takes up time used to connect one shot to another. (examples would be dissolves, fades, or swipes)

  - the frequency and rhythm of cuts : how often cuts occur and whether they happen at the same time as the action and/or sounds the are also going in the scene.

  - specific editing techniques : for example shot-reverse shot, cross cutting, acton matches, etc.

Continuity editing = where editing makes sense of time and place to the viewer
Non-continuity editing = techniques including flashbacks, flash forwards, and montages etc

Sequences and techniques	Description
shot reverse shot or shot counter shot	This is when the scene cuts back and forth between two establishing shots.
Eyeline match	Ensuring that between shots, the eyeliner level between characters matches (this is to ensure they are looking at each other. Or it can be cutting from a character looking at something to the thing they are looking at
Action math	Cutting used to continue the action. An example would be a shot of a ball being thrown, and then cutting to a shot of the ball being caught

Editing techniques	Description
Jump cuts	A cut that suddenly shifts position or time unnaturally. This can be used in order to communicate that something is wrong
crosscutting/parallel editing	Cutting between two separate sequences of action that are happening at the same time, often used to link the characters to both actions
Cutaway	Cutting to a brief shot in a sequence. It is the interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else. It will be a shot that is NOT covered by the master shot
Insert	Similar to cutaway shots, but it will but to a shot that IS covered by the master shot

Transitions	Description
Dissolve	One shot blending into another with no fade in between.
Fade-in	Fading into something form a colour (normally black)
Fade-out	Fading out from a shot to a colour (normally black)
Wipe	The new shot moves over the old shot in a direction. This is often motivated by an object or character